Kashmir, archaically spelled Cashmere, is in the northwestern region of South Asia. Until the mid-19th century, the term Kashmir geographically denoted only the valley between the Great Himalayas and the Pir Panjal mountain range.

The town of Shimla is built over several hills and connecting ridges.The important hills are Jakhu , Prospect Hill , Observatory Hill , Elysigim Hill and Summer Hill.